# Core Grammar Inventory by CEFR Level (English)

A working inventory of grammar items commonly taught at each level, in the spirit of the British Council /
EAQUALS Core Inventory for General English and the English Profile. Use it to plan coverage, not as a rule:
items are introduced at the level shown and recycled and extended later.

`scripts/syllabus_check.py` reads this table: it matches the Keywords (comma-separated, case-insensitive) against
the grammar column of a syllabus to find coverage gaps and items above the course level. Keep the column order.

| Level | Item | Keywords |
|-------|------|----------|
| A1 | Verb to be | to be, verb be, am/is/are |
| A1 | Present simple | present simple |
| A1 | Present continuous (now) | present continuous |
| A1 | Can / can't (ability, requests) | can |
| A1 | There is / there are | there is, there are |
| A1 | Possessive adjectives and 's | possessive |
| A1 | Imperatives | imperative |
| A1 | Articles a/an/the | article |
| A1 | Plurals and countable nouns | plural |
| A1 | Prepositions of place and time | preposition |
| A1 | Adverbs of frequency | frequency |
| A1 | Have got | have got |
| A2 | Past simple (regular and irregular) | past simple |
| A2 | Past of be (was/were) | was/were, past of be |
| A2 | Going to (plans) | going to |
| A2 | Will (decisions, predictions) | will |
| A2 | Comparatives and superlatives | comparative, superlative |
| A2 | Countable/uncountable, some/any, much/many | countable, uncountable, some/any, much/many |
| A2 | Present continuous for future arrangements | future arrangements |
| A2 | Should (advice) | should |
| A2 | Have to / must (obligation) | have to, must |
| A2 | Present perfect (experience: ever/never) | present perfect |
| A2 | Past continuous | past continuous |
| A2 | Adverbs of manner | adverb |
| A2 | Like + -ing, want to | like + -ing, verb patterns |
| B1 | Present perfect with for/since, just/already/yet | for/since, just/already/yet |
| B1 | Present perfect vs past simple | present perfect vs past simple |
| B1 | Used to | used to |
| B1 | Past perfect (narrative) | past perfect |
| B1 | First conditional | first conditional |
| B1 | Second conditional | second conditional |
| B1 | Zero conditional | zero conditional |
| B1 | Passive (present and past simple) | passive |
| B1 | Reported speech (statements) | reported speech |
| B1 | Relative clauses (defining) | defining relative, relative clause |
| B1 | Modals of possibility (might, may, could) | might, may, possibility |
| B1 | Gerunds and infinitives | gerund, infinitive |
| B1 | Present perfect continuous | present perfect continuous |
| B1 | Phrasal verbs (common) | phrasal verb |
| B2 | Third conditional | third conditional |
| B2 | Mixed conditionals | mixed conditional |
| B2 | Wish / if only | wish, if only |
| B2 | Modals of deduction (must/can't have) | deduction, must have, can't have |
| B2 | Future continuous and future perfect | future continuous, future perfect |
| B2 | Past perfect continuous | past perfect continuous |
| B2 | Passive (all tenses, have something done) | have something done, causative |
| B2 | Reported speech (questions, commands, reporting verbs) | reporting verbs, reported questions |
| B2 | Non-defining relative clauses | non-defining |
| B2 | Narrative tenses | narrative tenses |
| B2 | Used to / be used to / get used to | be used to, get used to |
| B2 | Quantifiers and articles (advanced uses) | quantifier |
| C1 | Inversion with negative adverbials | inversion |
| C1 | Cleft sentences | cleft |
| C1 | Advanced modals (needn't have, should have) | needn't have, should have, past modals |
| C1 | Participle clauses | participle clause |
| C1 | Advanced passive (it is said that) | it is said, impersonal passive |
| C1 | Subjunctive and formal structures | subjunctive |
| C1 | Discourse markers and hedging | hedging, discourse marker |
| C1 | Ellipsis and substitution | ellipsis, substitution |
| C2 | Nuanced modality and stance | stance, nuance |
| C2 | Complex nominalisation | nominalisation, nominalization |
| C2 | Fronting and emphasis | fronting |